Colchicum

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Video: Colchicum

Video: Colchicum
Video: COLCHICUM-Short Presentation..by Dr.Saptarshi Banerjea 2024, March
Colchicum
Colchicum
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Colchicum (lat. Colchicum) - flower culture; perennial plant of the Haricorn family. Under natural conditions, the crocus grows in North Africa, Europe, Central and Western Asia, as well as on the forest edges and southern slopes of the mountains of Transcaucasia and Abkhazia. Currently, there are about 70 species. Another name is colchicum.

Characteristics of culture

Colchicum is a herbaceous bulbous plant with a height of 40-50 cm. The bulb is ovoid, oblong-ovate or reverse heart-shaped, covered with reddish-brown scales (shells), has a beak-like process at the base, reaches 1, 5-2, 5 cm in diameter. Numerous stems, short. The leaves are large, green, elongated-lanceolate or broadly oblong, up to 25 cm long.

The flowers are voluminous, can be of the most varied colors (from deep purple to snow-white). The perianth is funnel-shaped-bell-shaped, with synovial foliage, with a long cylindrical tube and a six-part limb. The ovary is three-nested. The fruit is a tricuspid ovate-oblong or spherical capsule. A distinctive feature of croplands is that all parts of the plant are poisonous.

The culture reaches its maximum size of flowers and abundant flowering 2-4 years after planting. At 5-6 years of age, plants need transplantation and separation of daughter bulbs. Colchicum flowers bloom in September - October. The seeds ripen in mid - late June, after which the leaves die off, and daughter bulbs form in the underground part.

Growing conditions

Colchicum is a light-loving culture, it prefers well-lit areas, however, some forms develop normally on semi-shaded areas. Soils for growing crockery are desirable light, loose, drained, moderately moist, fertile, clayey-sandy or fed with organic fertilizers.

Reproduction and planting

Croplands are propagated by seeds and daughter bulbs. The seed method is most effective for species plants. Sowing of seeds is carried out in June - July. The seeding depth is 1, 5-2 cm. Seedlings appear next spring, and bloom only for 5-7 years.

Reproduction by daughter bulbs is the most common and easiest way. The bulbs are harvested in mid-July. They are carefully cleaned of soil and the remnants of drooping leaves, washed in warm water, etched in a weak solution of potassium permanganate and dried in a dry room with an air temperature of 24-25C.

Planting of bulbs is carried out in mid-August, this month is the most favorable for croplands. Planting depth depends solely on the size of the bulb, for example, small bulbs are planted at a depth of 5-7 cm and at a distance of 10-15 cm from each other, and large ones at a depth of 12-15 cm and at a distance of 20-25 cm.

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Colchicum is a moisture-loving culture, it needs regular and abundant watering, but without stagnant water. With the appearance of the first leaves, the plants and the near-stem zone are treated with Bordeaux liquid in order to prevent the defeat of crocus crops by diseases and pests.

The culture has a positive attitude towards fertilizing with mineral and organic fertilizers. Compost mixes, superphosphate and potassium salt are ideal for this purpose. Loosening and weeding is carried out systematically, within a radius of 40 cm. For the winter, crocuses are mulched with peat, fallen leaves or sawdust for insulation.

Application

Colchicum is a highly ornamental plant, which is a welcome guest in the garden, made in any stylistic direction. Colchicum are gorgeous and delicate flowers that look great both in group and in single plantings. The culture is used to create ridges, mixborders, rock gardens, rockeries, flower beds, lawns and mixed flower beds, often planted near reservoirs and ponds. Crops are also suitable for cutting. Colchicines look especially impressive in flower groups of 15-20 pieces against the background of withering perennials.

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