Gentiana

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Video: Gentiana

Video: Gentiana
Video: 6entiana - U Betove 2024, March
Gentiana
Gentiana
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Gentiana (lat. Gentiana) - a moisture-loving and light-loving perennial from the Gentian family. Other names are gentian or gentian. Also, in some pre-revolutionary sources, this plant is referred to as a mustard.

Description

Gentiana is a light-loving, winter-hardy plant that boasts many large and variably colored flowers that can be blue, white, pink or yellow. Plants with blue flowers are most often found - their color can vary from pale blue to rich and bright sapphire tones, often turning into purple.

The height of the gentiana usually ranges from twenty centimeters to one and a half meters. Its stems are most often straight and short, the leaves are solid, sessile and opposite, and the short thick roots of this plant are equipped with cord-like thin roots.

Gentiana fruits have the form of bivalve capsules growing on unilocular ovaries, filled with miniature seeds.

This plant received its Latin name in honor of Gentius - the king who lived in the II century BC, who treated the plague with rhizomes of gentiana yellow. And the Russian version of the name of the plant - gentian - is due to the fact that its leaves and roots have a very bitter taste, since they contain a very impressive amount of bitter glycosides.

In total, the gentian genus has about four hundred species.

Where grows

Gentiana is quite widespread in the tropical and temperate zones of all continents, with the exception of Antarctica and Africa.

Usage

In culture, more than ninety species of gentiana are actively and rather successfully used. At the same time, the following types of gentiana are most often grown: stemless (this is the most common undersized variety), yellow, semi-divided, crotch, spring and alpine.

Growing and caring

In order for gentiana to grow safely, it needs coolness, plenty of light, and the obligatory presence of a sufficient amount of moisture in the soil. This beauty may well grow under the crowns of various deciduous trees, but in this case the gentiana will bloom with single flowers or will not bloom at all. But it is strongly not recommended to plant this plant in full shade.

Sometimes, with excessive locking of the base of the gentian bushes, they can begin to rot, so the level of soil moisture must be carefully monitored. If the leaves of the plant begin to turn yellow, this is evidence of an excess amount of lime in the soil. In order to avoid such a nuisance, acidophilic gentian species are recommended to be planted in slightly acidic or acidic soils, as well as periodically use fertilizers that have an acidifying environment.

Gentian can be propagated in different ways. Gentiana amazing or seven-part, ideally, is recommended to propagate by seeds. And in the case of the spring gentian or stemless, it is possible to separate the rosettes equipped with underground stolons from the densely overgrown clumps (as a rule, they turn out to be already with small roots). It is best to perform these actions at the end of the spring flowering of gentiana. At the same time, it is very important to try to create good shading and sufficiently high humidity for all the planted parts.

If gentiana is grown in pots, then it is transplanted into new containers with the onset of early spring. And at about the same time, a beautiful plant is planted in flower beds. And in order for gentiana not to lose its decorative effect, it is enough to simply remove wilted flowers from the plant from time to time.