Anthurium

2024 Author: Gavin MacAdam | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-16 13:38

Anthurium (lat. Anthurium) - indoor plant; a genus of evergreen plants of the Aroid family, or Aronnikovye. Homeland is Southwestern Colombia and Northwestern Ecuador.

Characteristics of cultur

Anthurium is a semi-epiphytic plant with thick, often shortened stems 15-35 cm high. Leaves are elongated, cordate, spatulate or broadly lanceolate, green, whole or complexly dissected, upright or collected in a rosette, located on petioles with a geniculum. The surface of the leaves is matte, glossy or semi-gloss, the structure is fragile or leathery.

The flowers are of an original, even exotic form, the inflorescence is a clavate, conical, spiral or spherical ear, it can be red, purple, pink, orange, green and white. The name of the plant was formed from two Latin words: "anthos" - flower, "oura" - tail.

Growing conditions

Anthurium is a thermophilic plant, it develops well at a temperature of 18-20C; a culture should not be placed near the heating system. They do not tolerate anthuriums and drafts. The plant quickly enough adapts to room conditions, however, it requires a lot of light, but it has a negative attitude to direct sunlight.

The soil mixture for growing anthuriums should consist of rough leafy earth, humus, sand and peat (1: 2: 0, 5: 1). It is advisable to add dry mullein, charcoal and fine brick to the substrate. In general, the coarse fraction should be about 10-15% of the total volume of the substrate. The addition of these materials improves physical properties and breathability.

Reproduction and planting

Anthuriums are propagated by seeds, side shoots, stem and apical cuttings. Plant seeds are obtained only by artificial pollination. Using a soft brush, pollen is transferred from one inflorescence to another for several days. After about 9-12 months, fruit-berries are formed on the inflorescences, containing 1-4 seeds. The seeds are removed from the fruit, washed with water and put into a 0.1% solution of potassium permanganate for a couple of hours.

Since the seeds lose their germination very quickly, they are sown immediately. Sowing is carried out on a wet filter paper in a Petri dish or other shallow containers. Crops are covered with plastic wrap or glass until shoots appear. The picking of seedlings is carried out 2 weeks after the emergence of seedlings. The seedling containers should be filled with a mixture of rough leaf earth, sand and leaf peat. After 2-3 months, the seedlings dive again.

In the future, the seedlings are subjected to picking twice more, each time increasing the feeding area by 2-3 cm. Plants are transplanted into separate pots when the diameter of the rosette reaches 5-8 cm. Anthuriums grown from seeds bloom 4-5 years after sowing.

Vegetative propagation is carried out by separating basal shoots from mother plants (otherwise stem offspring). Delenki are planted in boxes or low containers under plastic wrap or glass. After 2-3 weeks, the offspring take root, and with the appearance of new leaves on them, the plants are transplanted into separate pots. It is advisable to carry out vegetative propagation in spring or early June.

Care

Anthurium needs regular and abundant watering. The soil in the pots should always be moist, and the accumulation of excess water in the trays is not desirable. The leaves of the plant should be periodically sprayed with settled water and wiped.

Top dressing is carried out only in spring and summer, once every two weeks, alternating organic and mineral fertilizers. Especially the plant requires feeding at the end of flowering. Rarely, plants are attacked by aphids, scale insects and spider mites; if pests are found, the plants are treated with soap or tobacco solution.

Common types

* Anthurium Scherzer (lat. Anthurium scherzerianum Schott) - the species is represented by plants with cobs twisted into a spiral of light orange color, less often red. Flowering takes place in the spring.

* Anthurium Majestic (lat. Anthurium magnifi cum Lind) - the species is represented by plants with large velvety green leaves with olive or light green veins.

* Anthurium Andre (lat. Anthurium Andreanum) - the species is represented by large plants 70-90 cm high, inflorescences can be white, pink, orange or red.

* Anthurium Climbing (Latin Anthurium scandens Engl) - the species is represented by semi-epiphytic plants with stems up to 1 m long and aerial roots. The leaves are medium-sized, covered with dark dots on the underside, the ear is yellow-green.